IGCSE Geography Urban Environments Practice Test 2025 – Comprehensive Exam Prep

Slums are characterized as informal settlements where the housing conditions are often inadequate, lacking in essential services such as clean water, sanitation, and reliable electricity. They are typically found in developing countries, where rapid urbanization has led to a significant increase in population density in urban areas. As people migrate to cities in search of better economic opportunities, many end up living in these informal settlements due to a lack of affordable housing. Slums often arise in areas that are not officially recognized for development, leading to overcrowded and substandard living conditions.

The focus on slums as informal settlements emphasizes the socioeconomic challenges faced by residents, who often have limited access to vital resources and services. Understanding the conditions of slums is crucial for urban development and planning, especially as cities continue to grow and evolve.